![]() read more ), or an infectious colitis (eg, Shigella Shigellosis Shigellosis is an acute infection of the intestine caused by the gram-negative Shigella species. read more, Crohn disease Crohn Disease Crohn disease is a chronic transmural inflammatory bowel disease that usually affects the distal ileum and colon but may occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Extraintestinal symptoms, particularly arthritis. read more (eg, ulcerative colitis Ulcerative Colitis Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory and ulcerative disease arising in the colonic mucosa, characterized most often by bloody diarrhea. read more, inflammatory bowel disease Overview of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, is a relapsing and remitting condition characterized by chronic inflammation at various sites in the gastrointestinal. Symptoms are left lower quadrant pain and rectal bleeding. read more of the esophagus, although about 50% of patients with Mallory-Weiss tears do not have this history.īloody diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain suggest ischemic colitis Ischemic Colitis Ischemic colitis is a transient reduction in blood flow to the colon. (See also Overview of Esophageal and Swallowing. Vomiting and retching before the onset of bleeding suggests a Mallory-Weiss tear Mallory-Weiss Syndrome Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a nonpenetrating mucosal laceration of the distal esophagus and proximal stomach caused by vomiting, retching, or hiccuping. read more suggests esophageal cancer Esophageal Cancer The most common malignant tumor in the proximal two thirds of the esophagus is squamous cell carcinoma adenocarcinoma is the most common in the distal one third. Dysphagia should not be confused with globus sensation. The condition results from impeded transport of liquids, solids, or both from the pharynx to the stomach. ![]() ![]() Dysphagia Dysphagia Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing. It results from upper GI bleeding that has slowed or stopped, with conversion of red hemoglobin to brown hematin by gastric acid.Ī history of cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis suggests esophageal varices Varices Varices are dilated veins in the distal esophagus or proximal stomach caused by elevated pressure in the portal venous system, typically from cirrhosis. Coffee-ground emesis is vomiting of dark brown, granular material that resembles coffee grounds. ![]() ![]() read more or varix Varices Varices are dilated veins in the distal esophagus or proximal stomach caused by elevated pressure in the portal venous system, typically from cirrhosis. These vessels may cause recurrent bleeding, which is rarely. read more, vascular lesion, Vascular Gastrointestinal Lesions Several distinct congenital or acquired syndromes involve abnormal mucosal or submucosal blood vessels in the gastrointestinal tract. Hematemesis is vomiting of red blood and indicates upper GI bleeding, usually from a peptic ulcer Peptic Ulcer Disease A peptic ulcer is an erosion in a segment of the gastrointestinal mucosa, typically in the stomach (gastric ulcer) or the first few centimeters of the duodenum (duodenal ulcer), that penetrates. ![]()
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